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  Races!

Ever race has strengths and weakness. Try to pick one that matches how you want to play. Some races are more difficult to play than others due to their nature. Each race is not balanced for one on one games.

Races that I would recommend to new players just learning the game are Birdmen, Cyborg, Lizards, Solar Federation, and the Stormers. They are great races that you don't have to master as much of the game to be effective with.

Birdmen
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Sneaky types with the best cloakers around. Did someone say Romulans? Especially good versus Borg.[more]
Colonies Of Man
Stats & Ships
Race Guide

Big carriers, excellent fighters of which at least one type is cheap, many marginal advantages, but weak bases. Doesn't need a Home world. Starts with 1 of each type of ship. The Virgo is one of the most powerfull ships in the game.
Crystals
Stats & Ships
Race Guide

Appeal more to defensive / patient / builder types. They are not a beginner's race and take a long time to play every turn. The Crystals have strong shields and weak armor. They have some unique strengths and weaknesses. Their ships are weak in one-on-one combat, which is why they need to advance carefully with minefields. But their mines are like glue, and they can stealing ships that get stuck in them. I end up with so many colonist I don't know what to do with them.
Cyborg
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
One of the most feared and hated races. Every game should have a Borg. Very powerful. Takes a while to build up. Depends on tech 9/10 Hulls. Has some unique racial abilitys like Assimulation. Resistance is futile.
Evil Empire
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Unfeasible vast ships emerge in surprise attacks from hyperspace and disgorge teeming hordes of cheap fighters. Enemies are crushed under their boots and herded into money making prison camps. Very good at ground combat, Spying. Their ships are expensive but they are generally good and every ship can hyperjump. They have many weaknesses too i.e. they cannot move ships faster than 30LY/turn with normal space drive, and must capture prisoners. But great fun to play. Not a beginner race.
Lizards
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Big green scaly aggressive carnivores with combat advantages. Love to land their rock-hard troops on enemy planets from cloakers. The Lizard ship design plan is weak shields and heavy armor. The Lizards are most likely the best race to use to counter the Stormers.

Privateers
Stats & Ships

Race Guide

Parasites, can steal most everything and needs too. Economy and warfare is dependent on natives/contra/stealing. Very weak ships, and planets. Completely dependent on other races for cleaning up mine fields. Can only build farms on very few planets. Not a beginner race. [more]
Rebels
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Setup a lot like Evil Empire, but more as an Anti-Evil Empire. Hyping ships, good fighter based ships. Can gather natives fast, but economy depend on it.
Robots
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Big carriers, at least one cheap fighter type, lots of minefields including the unique and deadly Nova mines. If they are allowed to build up unmolested for too long, they will probably win any game.
Solar Federation
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
A straight forward race suitable for beginners. Primarily weapons-based race with no cloakers, versatile fleets, tend to destroy enemy bases from the safety of orbit because their ground troops are complete pants. Feds have the Loki hull, which makes them almost immune to Cloaking predators.
Stormers
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Cloaking ships that can dish out more than they can take. Based on the Klingons. Good at ground combat, and capturing ships by boarding from cloaked vessels. Their apparently medium-looking ships have huge attack bonuses which make them much harder than they look, compensated by low levels of shield and armor so they blow up as soon as hit. Good for aggressive players who don't mind losing ships. Not good against Lizards.

Third Party Races

In Planets4 there are a lot of 3rd party races. While the balance of these are aurguable, so are all the offical races. But if you play in a game where 3rd party races are allowed, you might as well have information on them.

Centaurs
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
.
Holy Draconian Empire
Stats & Ships
Race Guide

.

People's Army
Stats & Ships
Race Guide

Many interesting abilities but to compensate, not particularly strong at anything. Complex to play (40 different ship hulls!)
Reunited Coalition of Systems 
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
.
 Scavenger Tribes  
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
The Tribes require a lot of care and thought to play. They have an inherently weak position but a number of ways to deal with the situation. While the Tribes do not have the strongest ships, economy, or troops but they do have numbers and a great deal of creativity. The Tribes must draw on their strengths to the ultimate to survive in the universe.
Solorian Unity
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Different fuel rules, generate their own from stars; Their growth is also dominated by the heat of the star. They are a very mobile race, since they have base chunnel device and all their mainstream battleships have a hyperdrive. You could think of them as a race of wandering locusts.

United Enforcement Authority
Stats & Ships

Race Guide

Fast raiders. Good vs. hyp-races and cloakers. Good beginners' race.
University Alliance
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
Great at growing and collecting materials and cash, but your ships are not as strong as some other races. Every ship in the list is designed to be used and built, they all fill a unique and needed roll. The Incident is great example of this.
Aczanny
Stats & Ships
Race Guide
An avian race with extremely good fighters. Their ships are fast and have high evasive bonuses, but very little armour or shields.